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1.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 87(5): e2022, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1527850

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: Recently, hyaluronic acid (HA) was proposed as a promising option for the treatment of acquired lower eyelid cicatricial ectropion. However, this effect was not confirmed by quantitative assessments. This study aimed to assess the effect of hyaluronic acid on the treatment of acquired lower eyelid cicatricial ectropion. Methods: Eight patients with acquired lower eyelid cicatricial ectropion (13 eyelids) were treated with a single 1 mL injection of hyaluronic acid in the preseptal area of the lower eyelid. Evaluation of symptoms and biomicroscopic exam was performed before and 30 days after hyaluronic acid injection. Quantitative analysis of the lower eyelid position (with and without lid traction) was determined before and 30 days after hyaluronic acid injection through standard photographs analyzed using the ImageJ. Results: All patients experienced partial improvement of symptoms. The lower eyelid position was significantly lifted after hyaluronic acid injection with a significant reduction of medial and lateral angles, reduction of the margin reflex distance, and total and medial ocular fissure area. However, signs of lid margin inflammation and corneal punctate keratitis persisted. Conclusions: Hyaluronic acid injected in the pre-septal area of the lower eyelid improved acquired lower eyelid cicatricial ectropion symptoms and significantly lifted the position of the lower eyelid. Further studies, with a large number of participants and a long-term follow-up period, are needed to better determine the permanency of the effects of hyaluronic acid injections on the treatment of acquired lower eyelid cicatricial ectropion.


RESUMO Objetivo: Recentemente, o ácido hialurônico foi proposto como promissor no tratamento do ectrópio cicatricial adquirido da pálpebra inferior. No entanto, não foram feitas avaliações quantitativas para confirmar este efeito, motivo que levou a realização do presente estudo que visou avaliar o efeito do ácido hialurônico no tratamento do ectrópio cicatricial adquirido da pálpebra inferior. Métodos: Oito portadores de ectrópio cicatricial adquirido da pálpebra inferior (13 pálpebras) foram tratados com uma única dose de 1 mL de ácido hialurônico, injetada na área pré-septal da pálpebra inferior. Os sintomas e o exame biomicroscópico foram realizados antes e 30 dias após a injeção do ácido hialurônico. A análise quantitativa da posição palpebral inferior (com e sem tração palpebral) foi determinada antes e 30 dias após a injeção do ácido hialurônico por meio de fotografias que foram analisadas usando o programa ImageJ. Resultados: Todos os pacientes apresentaram melhora parcial dos sintomas. A posição da pálpebra inferior foi elevada significativamente após a injeção do ácido hialurônico, com redução significativa dos ângulos medial e lateral, da distância entre o reflexo pupilar e a margem da pálpebra inferior, da área de fissura palpebral total e da área medial. No entanto, sinais de inflamação da margem palpebral e ceratite puntata da córnea persistiram. Conclusões: O ácido hialurônico injetado na área pré-septal da pálpebra inferior, melhorou os sintomas do ectrópio cicatricial adquirido da pálpebra inferior e elevou significativamente a posição da pálpebra inferior. Estudos com maior número de participantes e período de acompanhamento mais longo são necessários para melhor determinar os efeitos das injeções de ácido hialurônico a longo prazo no tratamento do ectrópio cicatricial adquirido da pálpebra inferior.

2.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 86(4): 301-307, July-Sep. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1447364

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate visual outcomes, satisfaction, and quality of life of patients assisted in a Medical School hospital by the Brazilian Public Health System, who underwent bilateral diffractive multifocal intraocular lens implantation. Methods: Case series study with intervention, including 20 patients who underwent bilateral implantation of multifocal IOL EyeDiff® (Eyeol UK, Dunstable, UK). Exclusion criteria were corneal astigmatism >1.5 cylindrical diopters, previous ocular surgery or ocular disease, and intra- or postoperative complications. Patients were evaluated one, three, and six months after surgery. Monocular and binocular visual acuity for distance, intermediate and near, under photopic and mesopic conditions, monocular contrast sensitivity under photopic conditions, defocus curve, and quality of life were assessed. Results: Monocular distance-corrected visual acuity was 0.3 logMAR or better and monocular distance-corrected near visual acuity was J3 or better in all eyes under photopic conditions. Binocular distance-corrected near visual acuity was J1 in all cases. Contrast sensitivity was at the minimum level of normality for low and high spatial frequencies and within normal limits for intermediate spatial frequency. The quality of life questionnaire showed a high level of patient satisfaction. Conclusion: Bilateral implantation of the multifocal intraocular lens EyeDiff® provides patients with good visual acuity and quality of life, besides spectacle independence. The visual acuity and contrast sensitivity progressively improved between one and six postoperative months.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar os resultados visuais, satisfação e qualidade de vida de pacientes atendidos em um hospital escola pelo Sistema Único de Saúde, submetidos a implante bilateral de lente intraocular multifocal difrativa. Métodos: Estudo tipo série de casos com intervenção, incluindo 20 pacientes submetidos a implante bilateral da lente intraocular multifocal difrativa EyeDiff® (Eyeol UK, Dunstable, UK). Os critérios de exclusão foram astigmatismo corneano >1,5 dioptria cilíndrica, cirurgia ou doença ocular prévias e complicações intraoperatórias ou pós-operatórias. Os pacientes foram avaliados após 1, 3 e 6 meses da cirurgia. Foram avaliadas a acuidade visual monocular e binocular para longe, intermediário e perto sob condições fotópica e mesópica, sensibilidade ao contraste monocular sob condições fotópicas, curva de defocus e questionário para avaliação da qualidade de vida. Resultados: A acuidade visual para longe corrigida monocular foi de 0,3 logMAR ou melhor e a acuidade visual para perto com correção para longe foi J3 ou melhor em todos os olhos, sob condições fotópicas. A acuidade visual binocular para perto com a correção para longe foi J1 em todos os casos. A sensibilidade ao contraste estava no nível mínimo de normalidade para frequências espaciais baixas e altas e abaixo dos limites normais para frequência espacial intermediária. O questionário de qualidade de vida mostrou que os pacientes apresentavam altos níveis de satisfação. Conclusão: O implante bilateral da lente intraocular multifocal EyeDiff® proporcionou boa acuidade visual e qualidade de vida, e independência de óculos aos pacientes. A acuidade visual e a sensibilidade ao contraste melhoraram progressivamente entre um e seis meses de pós-operatório.

3.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 36: e20220052, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1430489

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: Children and adolescents should be encouraged to participate in sports; however, physicians should screen for cardiac abnormalities that can lead to sudden death. The European Society of Cardiology, the Brazilian Society of Cardiology and the Brazilian Society of Sports Medicine indicate performing an electrocardiogram (ECG) in evaluating athletes, while the American Heart Association indicates complementary exams only when there is a personal or family history of cardiovascular diseases or changes in clinical examination. Objectives: To evaluate the need for an ECG in evaluating children and adolescents before starting physical activities. Methods: We recruited 983 children and adolescents who practiced physical activities for anthropometric assessment, clinical examination and conventional ECG at rest. Variables were analysed using the Goodman test with a significance level of 5%. Results: Participants had a higher incidence of overweight, obesity and severe obesity compared to standard World Health Organization (WHO) values. The most common finding in clinical examination was heart murmur (18.5% of participants). Electrocardiographic changes were found in 3.3% of participants, including paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia and pre-excitation syndrome, which may be responsible for sudden death, even in asymptomatic individuals with no personal or family history of heart disease and no abnormality on clinical examination. Conclusions: ECG revealed arrhythmias that were not detected by clinical examination and may precede sudden death in individuals subjected to physical exertion, indicating its role in the assessment of children and adolescents before starting regular physical exercise.

4.
Arq. Inst. Biol. (Online) ; 89: e00272021, 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1416817

ABSTRACT

Petri disease is a problem for vineyard caused mainly by the fungus Phaeomoniella chlamydospora. Contaminated seedlings are source of inoculum for the disease. Treatment to disinfect vine rootstock cuttings for seedling production is hot water treatment (HWT) by 50 °C for 30 min, but the efficiency is contested. To improve its efficacy, the study aimed to assess the combination of the following methods and the reason for the control: i) exposition of the fungus to five different temperatures in HWT bath for 30 min; ii and iii) exposition of the fungus and also plants infected with P. chlamydospora to different disinfection treatments (biofumigation = soil + cabbage at 40 °C; temperatures of 40 and 23 °C, all in microcosm), in different periods (7, 14 and 21 days), with and without additional HWT (51 °C for 30 min). The results showed that HWT with high temperatures (55­70 °C) for 30 min inactivated the fungus. Biofumigation technique at 40 °C and the temperature solely of 40 °C applied for up to 21 days and combined with HWT (51 °C for 30 min) inhibited mycelial growth and inactivated the fungus in vine plant tissues without compromising the rooting.


Subject(s)
Ascomycota , Vitis/microbiology , Fungicides, Industrial/therapeutic use , Soil Microbiology
5.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 34(6): 656-664, Nov.-Dec. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1421749

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background: As some individuals present resistance to obesity development, experiments have been trying to understand their susceptibility to cardiometabolic diseases. Objetive: To evaluate if the cardiac remodeling was related to collagen protein expression change. Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomized into two experimental groups: control diet (CD, n=15) or high-fat diet (HFD, n=15) for 30 weeks. Rats fed with HFD were ranked based on their adiposity indexes and classified as obese (Ob, n = 8) or obesity-resistant (ROb, n = 6). Rats that failed to present the normal characteristic of the control group while fed with CD were excluded (Control, n = 8). Nutritional profile, comorbidities (dyslipidemia, hypertension, glucose metabolism, hyperleptinemia), cardiac remodeling, and collagen protein expression were evaluated. The groups were compared by One-Way ANOVA, together the Tukey post hoc test, with p<0.05 considered significant. Results: The Ob rats presented an increased adiposity index when compared to C and ROb. Both groups Ob and ROb presented increased low-density lipoprotein (LDL), insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA- IR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP), and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels when compared to the control group. The levels of triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), and leptin were lower in ROb as compared to Ob, but higher than the control group. The Ob and ROb groups presented cardiac remodeling, evidenced by echocardiographic and post-mortem analysis. The collagen protein expression did not differ among the groups. Conclusion: The ROb animals present cardiac remodeling that is not related to collagen type I and III protein expression change.

6.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 84(6): 554-560, Nov.-Dec. 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1350068

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to identify patient's reason for no-show at a university eye clinic after ophthalmic examination via a mobile ophthalmic unit, which provides comprehensive ophthalmic care to underserved communities in a region of Brazil. Methods: In 2017/2018, this prospective observational study searched for no-shows at referrals to a university eye clinic after an outreach program screening via a mobile ophthalmic unit in 10 municipalities in the central-western region of São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 1,928 patients underwent a comprehensive eye examination at no cost, and 37.1% of them needed referral to a university eye clinic for specialized examinations or surgeries. We used the following two main tools: (1) comparative analysis between patients who attended the referral and those who did not; (2) active search using a questionnaire to assess reasons for no-show. Results: Attendance to referrals was not influenced by age, gender, distance from the university hospital, number of ophthalmologists in the municipality, average family income, and visual acuity. The main cause for referrals was cataract (350 cases). No-show was most common among glaucoma/suspected glaucoma (54.1%) cases, followed by strabismus (45%) and anterior segment disease (33.6%) cases. Many patients who did not attend the referral sought another service. Conclusion: Patient's issues and lack of knowledge regarding their ophthalmic condition are the main reasons for no-show at referrals for free ophthalmic care. Thus, educational campaigns are needed to achieve consistently high attendance to prevent avoidable blindness.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar as razões para não comparecimento à clínica oftalmológica da universidade após triagem oftalmológica realizada usando uma unidade móvel oftalmológica que fornece exame oftalmológico para comunidades não assistidas em uma região do Brasil. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo observacional prospectivo no ano de 2017/2018 para avaliar as razões que fizeram com que os indivíduos triados usando uma unidade móvel oftalmológica e referenciados para a clínica oftalmológica da universidade não comparecessem à consulta agendada. A triagem foi feita em 10 municípios da região centro-oeste do estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Todos os 1.928 participantes fizeram o exame oftalmológico sem custo e 37,1% deles necessitaram de encaminhamento para a clínica oftalmológica da universidade para exames especializados ou cirurgias. O estudo usou duas ferramentas: (1) análise comparativa entre os dados dos indivíduos encaminhados que compareceram ao agendamento com os que não compareceram; (2) busca ativa dos indivíduos que não compareceram à consulta agendada, aplicando-se um questionário para avaliar os motivos para o não comparecimento. Resultados: Fatores como idade, sexo, distância entre a cidade de origem e o hospital universitário, número de oftalmologistas na cidade de procedência, renda familiar média e acuidade visual não influenciaram no comparecimento ao encaminhamento. Catarata foi a maior causa para o encaminhamento (350 casos). O não comparecimento foi maior nos portadores de glaucoma/glaucoma suspeitos (54,1%), estrabismo (45%) e afecções do segmento anterior (33,6%). Muitos indivíduos que não compareceram ao serviço de referência procuraram por outro local para o atendimento oftalmológico. Conclusão: O não comparecimento para tratamento oftalmológico sem custo depende de fatores relacionados ao paciente ou à falta de conhecimento das próprias condições oftalmológicas. Campanhas educativas nas comunidades assistidas devem ser feitas para alcançar maior comparecimento às consultas e melhor prevenir a cegueira evitável.

7.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 67(6): 795-799, June 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1346929

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: First care providers working in the Brazilian Unified Health System are often physicians from the Family Health Program. Their knowledge on ophthalmology could indicate whether there is a need for training to decrease ophthalmological demands to secondary or tertiary health levels. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study based on an electronic questionnaire was conducted to evaluate the ophthalmological knowledge of Family Health Program physicians working at the VI Regional Health Department, Sao Paulo, Brazil. All Family Health Program physicians from this regional health department were invited, and the study included those who responded to the full questionnaire (115 physicians). The data were evaluated using descriptive analysis. RESULTS: There was no difference in the ophthalmological knowledge between sexes or in relation to undergraduate schools. Only 20% of the interviewees were specialized in Family and Community Medicine, which did not influence the number of correct answers. Only 22 (19.1%) physicians reported having enough knowledge about the main eye disorders, and 82 (71.3%) physicians considered themselves capable of treating ophthalmological emergencies. However, acute glaucoma was recognized by only 51 (44.3%) physicians, and eye perforations could only be handled by 65 (56.5%) of them. In addition, only 47 (40.9%) participants correctly answered that congenital cataracts should be operated right after diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Family Health Program physicians working as first care providers in the Health System in Brazil presented poor ophthalmological knowledge. Providing training on ophthalmology may improve the ophthalmological care at the primary level within SUS and reduce the case demands at other healthcare levels.


Subject(s)
Humans , Ophthalmology , Physicians , Brazil , Family Health , Cross-Sectional Studies
9.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 84(1): 51-57, Jan.-Feb. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1153107

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: The goal of this study was to determine the impact of a mobile eye health unit on access to eye care and to generate a profile of the population requiring ophthalmic care by age, nature of their ophthalmic diseases, and optimal management. Methods: The study was conducted in 14 cities in the southwest region of São Paulo, Brazil. Subjects included individuals who participate in the Brazilian Unified Health System who were in need of eye care. There were no restrictions on age, gender or socioeconomic status. Data was transferred to an Excel table for statistical analyses. Results: We evaluated 6,878 participants in this survey with mean age of 44 years (range 4 months to 96 years); 65.5% were female. Among the diagnoses, 78.6% presented with refractive errors, 9.6% presented with cataracts and 8.3% presented with pterygium. New corrective lenses were prescribed for 60.9% of the participants; 10% retained their existing lenses, ~28% required counseling only and18.1% of the participants were referred to a tertiary facility for specialized exams and/or surgical procedures. Of the participants who required outside referrals, 36.4% required oculoplastic/external eye surgery and 31.8% required cataract surgery. Conclusion: The vast majority of patients presenting to a mobile eye health unit required prescriptions for corrective lenses. The rate of detection of ocular disorders was relatively high and the mobile unit provided effective treatment of refractive errors and referrals for specialized ophthalmic examinations and procedures. A mobile eye health unit can be an effective alternative method for improving access to basic eye care, for promoting eye health education and preventing blindness.


RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar o impacto do uso de unidade móvel no acesso à saúde ocular e avaliar o perfil da população que necessita de cuidados oftalmológicos, as doenças oculares mais frequentes e o tratamento. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado em 14 municípios da região sudoeste do Estado de São Paulo utilizando uma unidade móvel oftalmológica. Os participantes eram usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde que procuraram atendimento oftalmológico, sem restrição quanto a idade, gênero ou condição socioeconômica. Os dados foram transferidos para a tabela Excel para análise estatística. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 6.878 pessoas, com média de idade de 44 anos (variação de 4 meses a 96 anos) e 65,5% eram mulheres. Erros refrativos estavam presentes em 78,6% dos participantes, catarata em 9,6% e pterígio em 8,3%. Para 60% foram prescritos óculos, para 10% foi mantida a correção óptica em uso e para 28% foram necessárias apenas orientações. Exames especializados ou procedimentos cirúrgicos foram indicados para 18,1% dos casos que foram encaminhados para tratamento em serviço terciário. Dentre os pacientes referenciados, 36,4% necessitavam de cirurgia oculoplástica ou para tratar afecções externas do olho e 31,8%, de cirurgia de catarata. Conclusão: A grande maioria dos pacientes que procurou atendimento na unidade móvel necessitava de prescrição de óculos. A unidade móvel oftalmológica possui alto grau de resolutividade para os problemas oculares, com oportunidade de tratar os erros refrativos e referenciar os pacientes que necessitam de atendimento espe­cializado, geralmente relacionado a condições cirúrgicas. Unidades móveis podem ser uma alternativa aos cuidados oftalmológicos básicos, melhorando o acesso, atuando na promoção da saúde ocular e prevenindo a cegueira.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Cataract/pathology , Cataract Extraction , Blindness , Brazil/epidemiology , Visual Acuity
10.
Rev. bras. med. esporte ; 27(1): 55-59, Jan.-Mar. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1156112

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction Infrared thermography has been used in several areas, mainly in sports training, and specifically in soccer. Objectives The objectives of the study were to verify the acute effect of a displacement speed test on the skin temperature of elite female soccer players, to observe pre- and post-test thermal asymmetries, and to compare responses in the anterior and posterior regions of lower limbs. Methods Cross-sectional study that evaluated 17 soccer players of the 2018 Brazilian Championship. They were submitted to thermography before and 10 minutes after performing the displacement speed test. Thermographic images were collected using a FLIR® model 8 thermal imager and changes in skin temperature in the anterior and posterior regions of the lower limbs were analyzed, according to the areas of interest. Descriptive statistics were performed and mean and standard deviation of the temperatures of the areas of interest were analyzed. The normality of the data was verified, and then the Student's t test for normal paired and independent samples and the Mann-Whitney test for non-normal samples were conducted, with p <0.05 being adopted for significance level. Results It was possible to observe that after the test there was an increase in skin temperature in all the regions analyzed, both on the dominant and non-dominant sides (p <0.05). Regarding the analysis of the anterior region, it was possible to observe a higher temperature (p <0.05) in the region of the tibial muscles than in the region of the quadriceps muscles. Conclusion It is concluded that thermography helps to understand the thermal responses of lower limbs after applying the displacement speed test. The study shows that thermographic evaluation can guide the organization of the training session when motor tests have previously been applied, and in the detection of abnormal overloads, helping to prevent injuries. Level of evidence IV; Therapeutic studies - Investigation of treatment results.


RESUMO Introdução A termografia infravermelha tem sido empregada em diversas áreas, principalmente no treinamento esportivo e especificamente no futebol. Objetivos Os objetivos do estudo foram verificar o efeito agudo da aplicação de um teste de velocidade de deslocamento sobre a temperatura da pele de atletas de futebol feminino de elite, as assimetrias térmicas pré e pós-teste e comparar respostas nas regiões anterior e posterior de membros inferiores. Métodos Estudo de caráter transversal, que avaliou 17 jogadoras de futebol do Campeonato Brasileiro em 2018. Elas foram submetidas à termografia antes e 10 minutos depois da realização do teste de velocidade de deslocamento. Foram coletadas imagens termográficas por meio de um termovisor FLIR®, modelo E8, e analisadas as alterações da temperatura da pele, na região anterior e posterior dos membros inferiores, de acordo com as áreas de interesse. Foi realizada a estatística descritiva e para análise, foram usados média e desvio padrão da temperatura das áreas pretendidas. Verificou-se normalidade dos dados e, em seguida, o teste t de Student para amostras normais pareadas e independentes e o teste de Mann-Whitney, para amostras não normais, adotando-se p < 0,05 para nível de significância. Resultados Foi possível observar que depois do teste houve aumento da temperatura da pele em todas as regiões analisadas, tanto no lado dominante quanto no não dominante (p < 0,05). Com relação à análise da região anterior, foi possível observar maior temperatura (p < 0,05) na região dos músculos tibiais quando comparados com os músculos da região do quadríceps. Conclusão Conclui-se que a termografia auxilia o entendimento das respostas térmicas de membros inferiores depois da aplicação do teste de velocidade de deslocamento. O estudo demonstra que a avaliação termográfica pode orientar a organização da sessão de treinamento quando há aplicação prévia de testes motores e na detecção de sobrecargas anormais, auxiliando na prevenção de lesões. Nível de evidência IV; Estudos terapêuticos - Investigação dos resultados do tratamento.


RESUMEN Introducción La termografía infrarroja ha sido empleada en diversas áreas, principalmente en el entrenamiento deportivo y específicamente en el fútbol. Objetivos Los objetivos del estudio fueron verificar el efecto agudo de la aplicación de un test de velocidad de desplazamiento sobre la temperatura de la piel de atletas de fútbol femenino de élite, las asimetrías térmicas pre y post test y comparar respuestas en las regiones anterior y posterior de miembros inferiores. Métodos Estudio de carácter transversal, que evaluó a 17 jugadoras de fútbol del Campeonato Brasileño en 2018. Ellas fueron sometidas a termografía antes y 10 minutos después de la realización del test de velocidad de desplazamiento. Fueron colectadas imágenes termográficas por medio de un termovisor FLIR® - E8, modelo E8, y analizadas las alteraciones de la temperatura de la piel, en la región anterior y posterior de los miembros inferiores, de acuerdo con las áreas de interés. Fue realizada la estadística descriptiva y para el análisis, fueron usados promedio y desviación estándar de la temperatura de las áreas pretendidas. Se verificó normalidad de los datos y, a continuación, el test t de Student para muestras normales pareadas e independientes, y el test de Mann-Whitney, para muestras no normales, adoptándose p < 0,05 para nivel de significancia. Resultados Fue posible observar que después del test hubo aumento de la temperatura de la piel en todas las regiones analizadas, tanto en el lado dominante como en el no dominante (p <0,05). Con relación al análisis de la región anterior, fue posible observar mayor temperatura (p <0,05) en la región de los músculos tibiales cuando comparados con los músculos de la región del cuádriceps. Conclusión Se concluye que la termografía ayuda en el entendimiento de las respuestas térmicas de miembros inferiores, después de la aplicación del test de velocidad de desplazamiento. El estudio demuestra que la evaluación termográfica puede orientar la organización de la sesión de entrenamiento cuando hay aplicación previa de tests motores y en la detección de sobrecargas anormales, ayudando en la prevención de lesiones. Nivel de evidencia IV; Estudios terapéuticos - Investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Soccer/physiology , Body Temperature/physiology , Outflow Velocity Measurement , Athletes , Thermography , Cross-Sectional Studies
11.
Arch. endocrinol. metab. (Online) ; 65(5): 609-616, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1345206

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate whether there is a relationship between diet quality and bone health in a group of elderly Brazilian women. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with 105 elderly women. Participants were evaluated regarding diet quality (good, needing improvement, and poor) and its relationship with bone mineral density (BMD), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP), and C-telopeptide (CTX). Results: Fifty eight participants (55.2%) presented a poor-quality diet and 47 (44.8%) required dietary improvements, while no subjects presented a good quality diet. The group requiring dietary improvements had lower CTX [0.35 (0.05;1.09) vs. 0.52 (0.10;1.45); p = 0.03)] and BSAP (38.7 ± 12.9 U/L vs. 46.10 ± 15.2 U/L; p < 0.01) levels than the poor-quality diet group. Groups did not differ in terms of BMD. Conclusion: In this group of elderly Brazilian women, there was a relationship between diet quality and bone health, where worse diet quality was associated with higher levels of bone remodelling markers.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Bone and Bones , Bone Density , Biomarkers , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diet , Alkaline Phosphatase
13.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 115(1): 61-70, jul. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1131256

ABSTRACT

Resumo Fundamento A obesidade é um fator de risco para complicações médicas, incluindo o sistema cardiovascular. Há informações limitadas sobre o colágeno no coração obeso. Nosso estudo anterior demonstrou uma redução dos níveis proteicos de colágeno miocárdico tipo I em ratos obesos alimentados com uma dieta com alto teor de gordura durante 34 semanas. No entanto, os mecanismos responsáveis pelos níveis baixos não estão completamente elucidados. Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi testar a hipótese de que a redução do colágeno tipo I está associada ao aumento da atividade da metaloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), a qual está ligada à elevação de leptina no miocárdio de ratos obesos. Métodos Ratos Wistar machos com 30 dias de idade foram randomizados em dois grupos: controle (dieta padrão) e obeso (dieta com alto teor de gordura), e alimentados durante 34 semanas. Foram avaliados as características gerais dos animais e os perfis metabólicos e endócrinos. Foram avaliados as expressões proteicas miocárdicas de colágeno tipo I, leptina e inibidores teciduais de metaloproteinases (TIMP), bem como a atividade da MMP-2. O teste de correlação de Pearson foi aplicado para determinar as associações entre variáveis. O nível de significância foi de 5%. Resultados Os animais obesos apresentaram índice de adiposidade mais elevado em comparação ao controle. Foram observadas comorbidades como intolerância à glicose, hiperinsulinemia, resistência à insulina, hiperleptinemia e hipertensão nos ratos obesos. A obesidade reduziu o colágeno tipo I, TIMP-1 e TIMP-2, e aumentou a leptina e a MMP-2 no miocárdio. Houve uma correlação negativa entre o colágeno tipo I e a MMP-2 e uma correlação positiva entre a leptina e a MMP-2. Conclusão Foi confirmada a hipótese de que a redução do colágeno tipo I está associada ao aumento da atividade da MMP-2 e da expressão de leptina no miocárdio de ratos obesos. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(1):61-70)


Abstract Background Obesity is a risk factor for medical complications, including the cardiovascular system. There is limited information on collagen in the heart in obesity. Our previous study showed decreased protein levels of myocardial collagen type I in obese rats fed a high-fat diet for 34 weeks. However, the mechanisms responsible for low levels are not fully elucidated. Objective The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the reduction in collagen type I is associated with increased metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity, which is linked to elevated leptin in the myocardium of obese rats. Methods Thirty-day-old male Wistar rats were randomized into two groups, control (standard diet) and obese (high-fat diet), and fed for 34 weeks. The general animal characteristics and metabolic and endocrine profiles were evaluated. Myocardial protein expressions of collagen I, leptin, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP), and MMP-2 activity were assessed. Pearson correlation was employed to determine the associations between variables. The level of significance was 5%. Results The obese animals had increased adiposity index compared to control. Comorbidities such as glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, hyperleptinemia, and hypertension were observed in obese rats. Obesity reduced collagen I, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2, and it increased leptin and MMP-2 in the myocardium. There was a negative correlation between collagen I and MMP-2 and a positive correlation between leptin and MMP-2. Conclusion The hypothesis was confirmed; the reduction in collagen type I is associated with increased MMP-2 activity and leptin expression in the myocardium of obese rats. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 115(1):61-70)


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Leptin , Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 , Rats, Wistar , Collagen Type I , Myocardium , Obesity/complications
14.
Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci. (Online) ; 57(3): e166095, 2020. ilus, tab, graf
Article in English | VETINDEX, LILACS | ID: biblio-1122191

ABSTRACT

Copaifera langsdorffii is a Brazilian native plant that is used for wound healing or as an anti-inflammatory agent. Non-healing wounds are an important health problem, particularly in horses, because they can cause the animal invalidity or even lead to death. In addition, horses respond to skin wounds with chronic inflammatory response and intense wound granulation, thereby delaying the healing process. By this way, our aim was to evaluate the healing potential of Copaifera langsdorffii hydroalcoholic extract (HE) and oil-resin creams (OR) in horse skin wounds. Four wounds were performed bilaterally in the lumbar region of six horses with a 2 cm punch and treated daily with the respective treatments: saline solution, vehicle, 10% HE creams or 10% OR cream. Daily planimetry analyses were performed to measure the wound area and clinical parameters. In four different experimental periods (3, 7, 14 and 21 d), wound biopsies were removed and used for microscopic analyses. SS wounds presented a significant small area at day 3 and 7, OR wounds presented significant small area in comparison with HE at 14 d, and no significant difference was observed between treatments at 21 d. A better microscopic and clinical healing activity of HE and OR was identified in comparison with the controls. The OR group showed better healing quality, specifically after 7 d of treatment. Therefore, Copaifera langsdorffii formulations demonstrated their wound healing potential in horse skin lesions, exhibiting an improvement of the macro- and microscopic parameters.(AU)


Copaifera langsdorffii é uma planta nativa brasileira usada para cicatrização de feridas e como agente anti-inflamatório. As feridas que não cicatrizam são um importante problema de saúde em equinos, devido à possibilidade de afastamento da carreira atlética ou até mesmo levar à morte. Além disso, os cavalos respondem às feridas com resposta inflamatória crônica e intensa granulação, atrasando o processo cicatricial. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho avaliou o potencial do extrato hidroalcoólico (EH) e cremes de óleo resina (OR) de Copaifera langsdorffii em feridas cutâneas de equinos. Quatro feridas de 2 cm foram realizadas bilateralmente na região lombar de seis equinos e tratadas diariamente com: solução salina, veículo, creme EH 10% ou creme OR 10%. Diariamente foi efetuada a análise macroscópica das feridas e planimetria para mensurar a área da ferida. Em quatro períodos experimentais diferentes (3, 7, 14 e 21 dias), as biópsias foram realizadas e utilizadas para análises microscópicas. As análises microscópica e clínica indicaram melhor resposta cicatricial nas feridas tratadas com HE e OR em comparação com os controles. O grupo OR apresentou melhor qualidade de cicatrização, especificamente após sete dias de tratamento. Portanto, as formulações de Copaifera langsdorffiiutilizadas apresentaram potencial de cicatrização de feridas em lesões de pele de cavalo, exibindo uma melhora nos parâmetros macro e microscópicos.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Wound Healing , Wounds and Injuries/veterinary , Horses , Fabaceae , Resins, Plant/therapeutic use , Phytotherapy/veterinary
15.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 82(5): 372-376, Sept.-Oct. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019436

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: We evaluated the role of the conjunctival flap rotation technique using 5-fluorouracil and adjuvant therapy with topical cyclosporine A at 0.05% during short pre- and postoperative periods for the prevention of primary pterygium recurrence. Methods: In this prospective study, 76 patients with primary pterygium (76 eyes) were categorized into two groups: the control group with 31 patients who did not receive cyclosporine treatment, and the cyclosporine group with 45 patients who received topical cyclosporine A (0.05%) twice a day, for 10 days before and 10 days after the pterygium excision operations. Patients were examined for disease recurrence, side effects, and complications at 10 and 21 days, and at 2 and 6 months after the operation. Data on demography, systemic diseases, and ophthalmologic histories were obtained from all patients, and these data were analyzed using descriptive statistics involving the absolute and relative percentages of frequency distribution. Goodman test was used for contrasts among multinomial populations to study the association between cyclosporine A and recurrence. Results: Most patients were between 30 and 60 years of age, and 67.1% were women. We confirmed a higher recurrence in patients with occupational sunlight exposure. The cyclosporine A used topically 10 days before and 10 days after the pterygium removal did not significantly reduce the recurrence of the pterygium. Conclusion: Topical 0.05% cyclosporine A when used for 10 days before and 10 days after the pterygium removal does not prevent or reduce the recurrence of primary pterygium.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliamos os resultados da técnica de rotação de retalho conjuntival com uso de 5-fluorouracil e terapia adjuvante com ciclosporina A tópica a 0,05%, usada no pré e pós-operatório por curto período, quanto à prevenção da recidiva do pterígio primário Métodos: Estudo prospectivo, com 76 pacientes portadores de pterígio primário (76 olhos), divididos em dois grupos: controle com 31 pacientes que não receberam tratamento com ciclosporina e grupo ciclosporina com 45 pacientes que receberam ciclosporina tópica A (0,05%) duas vezes ao dia, por 10 dias antes e 10 dias após a cirurgia de excisão do pterígio. Os pacientes foram avaliados quanto à recorrência, efeitos colaterais e complicações com 10, 21 dias, 2 e 6 meses de pós-operatório. Dados demográficos, doenças sistêmicas e histórico oftalmológico foram coletados de todos os pacientes e esses dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva envolvendo o percentual absoluto e relativo de distribuição de frequência. O teste de Goodman para contrastes entre populações multinomiais foi utilizado para o estudo da associação entre a ciclosporina A e a recorrência Resultados: A maioria dos pacientes tinha entre 30 e 60 anos e 67,1% eram mulheres. Confirmamos uma maior recorrência em pacientes com exposição ocupacional ao sol. A ciclosporina A tópica utilizada 10 dias antes e 10 dias após a remoção do pterígio não reduziu significativamente a sua recorrência Conclusão: A ciclosporina A tópica a 0,05% quando utilizada por 10 dias no pré e 10 dias no pós-operatório, não previne ou reduz a recidiva do pterígio primário significativamente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Pterygium/prevention & control , Cyclosporine/administration & dosage , Conjunctiva/abnormalities , Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage , Ophthalmic Solutions/administration & dosage , Postoperative Care , Recurrence , Surgical Flaps , Preoperative Care , Pterygium/surgery , Pterygium/drug therapy , Prospective Studies , Combined Modality Therapy , Conjunctiva/surgery , Corneal Diseases/drug therapy , Fluorouracil/therapeutic use
16.
Acta cir. bras ; 34(1): e20190010000010, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-983688

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate agreement between pre- and post-laparoscopy gynecological diagnosis in order to demonstrate the rationality of this minimally invasive technique use in gynecological propaedeutics. Methods: Retrospective chart review study conducted between March 2010 and October 2016 based on a convenience sample. 315 patients undergoing surgical laparoscopy at the Center of Gynecologic Endoscopy and Family Planning of Botucatu Medical School/UNESP. Pre- and postoperative diagnoses were compared by the diagnosis agreement test considering the proportions of events. Results: Laparoscopy contributed to diagnosis in 59.6% of infertility cases (P>0.05), in 93.7% of chronic pelvic pain of undetermined origin (P<0.01) and conclusively elucidated the diagnosis of acute abdomen and the ruling out of tubo-ovarian abcess (P<0.05). Laparoscopy also increased the diagnosis of pelvic-abdominal adhesions in 76.7% (P>0.05). Conclusion: The use of laparoscopy considerably contributed to diagnostic elucidation, especially in cases of undetermined chronic pelvic pain.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Laparoscopy/methods , Genital Diseases, Female/surgery , Genital Diseases, Female/diagnosis , Retrospective Studies
17.
Arq. Inst. Biol ; 86: e0592017, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1009454

ABSTRACT

Extracellular enzymes are involved in the fungal pathogenesis in plants. Currently, culture media, data analyses, and data report related to extracellular enzymes produced in vitro conditions are different and therefore, lack standardization. This work aimed to compare the culture media cited on the literature (normal) with the potato-dextrose-agar (PDA) medium combined with a specific compound to produce extracellular enzymes through three soilborne phytopathogenic fungi (F. solani f. sp. passiflorae, S. rolfsii, and R. solani AG-4 HGI), as well as to analyze and report enzyme data based on five different criteria. The assay was randomized, with three factors (culture media, isolates, and enzymes) and six repetitions. The studied enzymes were amylase (AM), carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase), lipase (LP), laccase (LC), catalase (CT), and gelatinase (GT). The normal media detected more enzymes and was more precise compared to the PDA medium plus specific compound. The criteria that calculated the area of the circular crown of AM, CMCase, LP, and LC and measured the intensity (0 = absence, up to 4 = intense) of CT and GT adopting note scale were the best to evaluate and report the results of the enzymes. We suggest the normal media culture to study enzyme production, as well as the criteria mentioned to assess and report the data related to enzyme activities.(AU)


As enzimas extracelulares estão envolvidas na patogênese de fungos em plantas. Atualmente, não há uma padronização de meios de cultura, formas de analisar e divulgar os dados de enzimas extracelulares produzidas em condições in vitro. Assim, o presente trabalho objetivou comparar os meios de cultura específicos relatados na literatura (normal) com o meio de batata-dextrose-ágar mais adição do substrato específico para produção de enzimas extracelulares por três diferentes fungos fitopatogênicos habitantes de solo (Fusarium solani f. sp. passiflorae, Sclerotium rolfsii e Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 HGI), bem como avaliar os dados das enzimas por cinco critérios diferentes. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o inteiramente ao acaso, em esquema de três fatores (meios, isolados e enzimas), com seis repetições. As enzimas investigadas foram amilase, carboximetilcelulase, lipase, lacase, catalase e gelatinase. Os meios normais detectaram mais enzimas, e essa detecção foi mais precisa em comparação com os meios de batata-dextrose-ágar mais o substrato específico. Os critérios que calcularam a área da coroa circular para as enzimas amilase, carboximetilcelulase, lipase e lacase e adotaram a escala de notas para medir a intensidade (0=ausência até 4=intensa) de catalase e gelatinase foram os melhores para avaliar e divulgar os resultados das enzimas. Assim, sugere-se padronizar os meios normais para estudos de produção de enzimas, bem como os critérios citados para avaliar e divulgar os dados das atividades das referidas enzimas.(AU)


Subject(s)
Enzymes , Fungi , Culture Media/analysis , Passifloraceae , Fusarium
18.
Physis (Rio J.) ; 29(1): e290105, 2019.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1002822

ABSTRACT

Resumo Objetivos: Focando na década da virada do século, recuperam-se as principais diretivas das políticas públicas setoriais referentes ao controle das incapacidades físicas em hanseníase (IFH). Material e métodos: Procede-se à revisão expositivo-crítica das respectivas normas técnicas a partir das menções às mesmas nos textos oficiais da Organização Mundial da Saúde e do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil, publicados de 1995 a 2005. Resultados: Constata-se que as IFH são consideradas em plano secundário, essencialmente em função do tratamento medicamentoso eleito como estratégia prioritária para a luta contra a endemia. Conclusões: Conclui-se que, de equívoco em equívoco, específicos para as IFH e gerais para a doença, frustraram-se até os dias atuais por repetidas vezes, sobretudo em nosso país, expectativas institucionais relativas à eliminação da moléstia.


Abstract Objectives: The Public Policies referred to the control of the physical disabilities in leprosy (PDL) during the 1995-2005 decade are our main interest. Material and Methods: Wide-ranging thematic revision on official texts of the World Health Organization and of the Brazilian Ministry of Health, published during the mentioned period. Results: We have been able to aim evidences which pointed to the consideration that Public Policies related to the PDL are issued on a secondary level, essentially in function of the drug treatment, considered as priority against the endemic disease. Conclusions: We may conclude that, due to mistakes done specifically to the PDL and in general to the illness itself, commitments referring to the elimination of the leprosy were frustrate repeated times, unfortunately, mainly in our country.


Subject(s)
Humans , World Health Organization , Communicable Disease Control/trends , Communicable Diseases/complications , Disabled Persons , Leprosy/complications
19.
Rev. Asoc. Argent. Ortop. Traumatol ; 83(3): 205-209, set. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-976772

ABSTRACT

Introducción: En las cirugías de la región retropúbica, la sección o ruptura de la anastomosis puede causar graves hemorragias de difícil control. Nuestro objetivo fue verificar la presencia o no de anastomosis arterial o venosa entre los vasos ilíacos y obturadores en la región retropúbica. Materiales y Métodos: Treinta cadáveres (14 hombres/16 mujeres; 60% de raza blanca y 40%, no blanca). Después de la disección, se verificó si había anastomosis y su distancia de la sínfisis púbica. Resultados: El 13,3% no tenía comunicación y el 86,6% tenía algún tipo de anastomosis (p <0,01), la anastomosis venosa fue la más frecuente (p <0,05). La distancia promedio entre la anastomosis y la sínfisis púbica fue de 5,7 cm. Al comparar el sexo, la anastomosis y el lado, el 57% de los hombres presentaba anastomosis en ambos lados, y el 81% y 88% de las mujeres la tenían en el lado derecho e izquierdo, respectivamente (p <0,05). Cuando se comparó la presencia de anastomosis con el lado, el 70% estaba en el derecho y el 73%, en el izquierdo (p >0,05). El 72% de los blancos y el 67% de raza no blanca tenían anastomosis (p >0,05). Conclusiones: La presencia de anastomosis es más frecuente que la ausencia y no existe diferencia significativa en cuanto al lado. Está localizada, en promedio, a 5,7 cm de la sínfisis púbica y la venosa es significativamente más frecuente. Es significativamente más frecuente en las mujeres. No hay diferencia estadística en cuanto a la presencia de anastomosis entre la raza blanca y no blanca. Nivel de Evidencia: IV


Introduction: During surgical interventions, section or rupture of the anastomosis may cause severe difficult-to-control bleeding. The aim of this study was to verify the presence or absence of arterial or venous anastomosis among iliac and obturator vessels in the retropubic region. Methods: Thirty cadavers (14 men/16 women; 60% white and 40% non-white). After dissection, the presence of anastomosis and its distance from the pubic symphysis were verified. Results: The 13.3% presented no communication and 86.6% presented some type of anastomosis (p<0.01). Venous anastomosis was more frequent (p<0.05). The mean distance from anastomosis to pubic symphysis was 5.7 cm. Regarding sex and side, 57% of male specimens presented anastomosis on both sides, while 81% and 88% of women had on the right and left side, respectively (p<0.05). Seventy percent of specimens had anastomosis on the right side and 73% on the left (p>0.05). Anastomosis was observed in 72% of whites and 67% of non-whites. Conclusions: Presence of anastomosis is more frequent than its absence, and there is no significant difference regarding side. It is located at 5.7 cm from the pubic symphysis and venous anastomosis is significantly more frequent. Anastomosis is significantly more frequent in females. There is no statistically significant difference between white and non-white races. Level of Evidence: IV


Subject(s)
Humans , Arteries/anatomy & histology , Arteriovenous Anastomosis , Pubic Bone/blood supply , Iliac Artery/anatomy & histology , Cadaver
20.
Pesqui. vet. bras ; 38(9): 1818-1823, set. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-976511

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study was to compare tissue repair of skin defects in rabbits submitted to autologous and homologous grafts treated or not with platelet-rich plasma (PRP). We selected nine rabbits and constituted four groups, designated as G1, in which were performed autologous graft treated with PRP; G2, autologous graft only; G3, homologous graft treated with PRP; and G4, homologous graft only. Macroscopic and histomorphometric evaluation was realized. The histomorphometric evaluation was performed by Hematoxylin/Eosin and Masson´s Trichrome staining with quantification of collagen fibers, macrophages, fibroblasts and vessels. The autologous graft treated with PRP showed positive influence on the early stage of the tissue repair process at the macroscopic evaluation, characterized by rosy color and cosmetic appearance. At the histomorphometric evaluation, there was no statistical difference in the number of macrophages and fibroblasts between the treated grafts or not with the PRP, as well as the quantification of vessels and collagen fibers. It can be concluded that PRP promotes a positive influence on the initial phase or "take" of the graft.(AU)


Objetiva-se com o presente estudo comparar a reparação tecidual de defeitos cutâneos em coelhos, submetidos a enxertos autólogos e homólogos, tratados ou não com plasma rico em plaquetas (PRP). Para isso, foram selecionados nove coelhos e constituídos quatro grupos experimentais, designados como G1, no qual foi realizado enxerto autólogo tratado com PRP; G2, enxerto autólogo; G3, enxerto homólogo tratado com PRP; e G4, enxerto homólogo. Foram realizadas avaliações macroscópica e histomorfométrica, por meio das colorações de Hematoxilina/Eosina e Tricômio de Masson, incluindo quantificação de fibras colágenas, contagem de macrófagos, fibroblastos e vasos. O uso do enxerto autólogo com PRP influenciou positivamente na fase inicial do processo de reparação tecidual à avaliação macroscópica, caracterizada por coloração rósea e de aspecto cosmético. À avaliação histomorfométrica, não houve diferença estatística quanto ao número de macrófagos e fibroblastos entre os enxertos tratados ou não com o PRP, bem como quanto às contagens de vasos e a quantificação das fibras colágenas. Conclui-se que o PRP sob a promoveu influência positiva na fase inicial ou de "pega" do enxerto autólogo.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Rabbits/blood , Tissue Transplantation/veterinary
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